Poverty in India declined from 36 percent in 1993-1994 to 26 percent in 2012-2013. However, close to 300 million people still live in poverty on less than one dollar a day. Recent assessments of poverty by the Suresh Tendulker Committee place 37 percent below poverty line. The World Bank estimates the BPL population at 40 percent. Unemployment and out of labour force days of rural agricultural labourers is 104 days (76 days for male and 141 days for female). Extensive erosion of the natural resource base over the last 50 years has resulted in some of the worst natural disaster adversely impacting agricultural productivity and employment opportunities. Growing poverty and unemployment have led to the fragmentation of land and an increase in number of agricultural labourers. Agricultural labour increased significantly from 7.08 million in 1981 to 121 million in 2013. At the sometimes, the percentage of operational land holdings under small and marginal farmers has gone up from 70 percent in 1971 to 82 percent in 2013. The policy response to a situation of poverty and inequality has focused on inclusive growth. Accordingly, there has also been a greater concern for social security measures. The present paper is a modest attempt to have to a look on newly launched social security schemes in India.